The skin, being the primary barrier between our internal systems and the external world, is often the first to react environmental factors, so dermatological problems figure as one of most common medical problems globally. For travelers, exposure to unfamiliar allergens, chemicals, and insects can trigger skin reactions more frequently than in non-travellers, due to a wider range of new exposure agents. These reactions can range from temporary allergies to more severe skin infections, leading to discomfort, aesthetic concerns, and even significant impact on well-being and travel experiences.
Recognizing skin symptoms like rash, hives, and red skin is crucial in identifying specific conditions, whether allergic or infectious. However, accurate diagnosis involves considering other factors: the affected body areas, duration of symptoms, and, in a tropical country like Brazil, the specific areas visited and interactions with others. A comprehensive medical interview, achievable through telemedicine, plays a vital role in this process. Additionally, a trained physician's analysis of the skin's appearance, combined with collected data, helps piece together the puzzle, leading to effective and timely treatment.
Certain skin conditions are prevalent among both the general population and travelers, especially in communal settings like hostels or natural environments like beaches, specially if a rupture of the cutaneous barrier occurred with insect bites or injuries. While some of these conditions are self-limited, various of them can persist and spread, if not adequatelly treated, and cause at least significant discomfort, impacting negativelly on travel experiences. Some can even lead to serious infections, fever, and general malaise.
The most frequent skin issues encountered in Brazil include:
a) Allergic Conditions: it can be triggered by multiple allergens, that often result in Dermatitis.
b) Fungal Infections: Commonly known as Ringworm.
c) Parasitic Infections: Such as Scabies, comparable to bed bug infestations, despite the fact that is caused by a different agent. Other skin parasites includes Helminthic such as Hookworm Cutaneous Larva Migrans and others.
d) Bacterial Infections: it can be caused after insect bites and generate Foliculitis and skin abscess, that would need oral antibiotic;
d) Viral Infections: Examples are Herpes, which can affect lips and genitals, and Herpes Zoster, which often appears on the back.
e) Reactions to External Factors: Conditions like Intertrigo from high temperatures and sweating or varying degrees of Sunburn, which in severe cases, can require antibiotics and strong painkillers.
f) Systemic Infection Indicators: In some cases, red skin or rash may signal systemic infections, like Dengue, Chikungunya or Syphilis, which are diagnosable through lab tests or rapid testing kits.
Treatment varies based on the underlying cause and may include antifungals, antibiotics, antiparasitics, which can be oral and/or topical, and symptom control medications like antihistamines and steroids. My Brazilian Doctor offers electronic prescriptions immediately after a same-day video consultation. These e-prescriptions are valid at any pharmacy in Brazil, ensuring prompt relief and recovery with professional guidance.
Telemedicine offers a convenient, efficient alternative to traditional healthcare service wait times and communication barriers. With My Brazilian Doctor, same-day consultations are easily booked, and a thorough evaluation of symptoms and risk factors is conducted in English. Clear images provided during the consultation aid in accurate assessment.
Additionally, we offer follow-up contacto at no extra cost, ensuring ongoing progress and medication adjustments, if needed. Should specialist care be required, what is not likely for treatment of most frequent skin problems discussed on this article, we provide a referral letter and options for specialists in your area in Brazil.
At My Brazilian Doctor, your skin health and overall well-being during your stay in Brazil are our top priorities.
References:
- Korzeniewski, K., Juszczak, D., & Jerzemowski, J. (2015). Skin lesions in returning travellers. International Maritime Health, 66(3), 173-180.
- Lawler, M. (2023). 8 Contact Dermatitis Triggers That May Surprise You. Everyday Health. Retrieved January 22, 2024, from www.everydayhealth.com
- Cabieses, B. Uphoff E, Pinart M, Antó JM, Wright J. A Systematic Review on the Development of Asthma and Allergic Diseases in Relation to International Immigration: The Leading Role of the Environment Confirmed. PLoS One. 2014; 9(8): e105347. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105347. PMID: 25141011; PMCID: PMC4139367.
- Shepard Z, Rios M, Solis J, Wand T, Henao-Martínez AF, Franco-Paredes C, Suarez JA. Common Dermatologic Conditions in Returning Travelers. Curr Trop Med Rep. 2021 Jun;8(2):104-111. doi: 10.1007/s40475-021-00231-8. Epub 2021 Feb 16. PMID: 34458071; PMCID: PMC8389143.
- Patrick Hochedez, Eric Caumes, Common Skin Infections in Travelers, Journal of Travel Medicine, Volume 15, Issue 4, 1 July 2008, Pages 252–262, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8305.2008.00206.x
Technical Director: Dr Fabio L Vieira